Czasowniki złożone
|
| keep ahead vi phrasal | figurative (be first, outdo others) | prowadzić ndk. |
| | | być na czele zwrot ndk. |
| keep at [sth] vtr phrasal insep | informal (continue) | kontynuować coś ndk. |
| | Eva struggled at first, but kept at it, and passed her driving test at the first attempt. |
| keep away vi phrasal | (stay at a distance) | trzymać się z dala od czegoś zwrot zwr. ndk. |
| | I keep away from people who are ill. |
| keep [sth/sb] back vtr phrasal sep | (prevent getting closer) | uniemożliwiać zbliżanie się zwrot ndk. |
| | A fence around the racing track keeps spectators back. |
| keep [sth] back vtr phrasal sep | informal (save) | odkładać ndk. |
| | | odłożyć dk. |
| | It's a good idea to keep some money back for unexpected needs. |
| keep [sth] down vtr phrasal sep | (repress [sth]) | powstrzymywać, ograniczać ndk. |
| | (potoczny) | nie robić czegoś zwrot ndk. |
| | The teacher asked the boys to keep the noise down. |
| | Nauczycielka poprosiła chłopców, żeby nie robili hałasu. |
| keep [sth] down vtr phrasal sep | (digest with difficulty) | nie wymiotować part. + ndk. |
| | | nie zwymiotować part. + dk. |
| | Although my stomach was upset, I kept my breakfast down. |
| | Chociaż miałem rozstrój żołądka, nie zwymiotowałem śniadania. |
keep [sth] in,
keep in [sth] vtr phrasal sep | figurative (repress, restrain: emotion, etc.) | powstrzymywać ndk. |
| | | powstrzymać dk. |
| | Tim could barely keep his excitement in as he told us the news. |
keep [sth] in,
keep in [sth] vtr phrasal sep | figurative (withhold, prevent from getting out) | powstrzymywać się zwr. ndk. |
| | | powstrzymać się zwr. dk. |
| | Tania was bursting to tell Audrey the secret, but somehow she managed to keep it in. |
| keep [sth] intact vtr phrasal sep | (prevent from breaking) | nie naruszać part. + ndk. |
| | I tried to keep the cake intact until you arrived but I'm afraid my husband ate a piece while I wasn't looking. |
| keep out vi phrasal | (not enter) | trzymać się z dala zwrot zwr. ndk. |
| | A notice on the fence warned people to keep out. |
| keep [sb/sth] out vtr phrasal sep | (prevent from entering) | zatrzymywać na zewnątrz zwrot ndk. |
| | | zatrzymać na zewnątrz zwrot dk. |
| | A waterproof jacket will keep the rain out. |
| keep [sth] secret vtr phrasal sep | (conceal, not divulge) | zachowywać coś w tajemnicy zwrot ndk. |
| | | zachować coś w tajemnicy zwrot dk. |
| | Government information should be kept secret. |
| keep together vi phrasal | (not go separate ways) | trzymać się razem zwr. ndk. + przys. |
| | Keep together when we get to the station, otherwise we will lose each other. |
Formy złożone:
|
| keep a check on [sth/sb] v expr | informal (monitor) (potoczny, przenośny) | mieć oko na coś/kogoś zwrot ndk. |
| | I'm keeping a check on his work to ensure that he's doing it right. |
| keep a low profile v expr | (be inconspicuous) (przenośny) | nie rzucać się w oczy zwr. ndk. |
| | After the argument I kept a low profile for a few days. |
| | Spies tend to keep a low profile to avoid attention. |
| keep a promise v expr | (fulfil one's word) | dotrzymywać obietnicy ndk. + ż |
| | | dotrzymać obietnicy dk. + ż |
| | Do you keep your promises? he asked her, after she vowed not to do it again. |
| keep a straight face v expr | informal (look serious, avoid smiling) | zachować kamienną twarz zwrot dk. |
| | I couldn't keep a straight face when she said she was a virgin. |
| | It was difficult to keep a straight face when I played that prank on my coworkers. |
| keep accounts vi | (retain financial records) | trzymać rachunki ndk. + m, l.mn. |
| | All small businesses have to keep accounts for tax purposes. |
keep afloat,
stay afloat vi + adj | (not sink) | utrzymywać się na powierzchni zwrot zwr. ndk. |
| | | utrzymać się na powierzchni zwrot zwr. dk. |
| | Julia managed to keep afloat by clinging to a log. |
keep afloat,
stay afloat vi + adj | figurative (stay in business) | utrzymywać się na powierzchni zwrot zwr. ndk. |
| | | utrzymać się na powierzchni zwrot zwr. dk. |
| | Business owners are struggling to keep afloat. |
| keep ahead vi + adv | literal (go in front) | prowadzić ndk. |
| keep [sth] alive vtr + adj | figurative (maintain awareness or popularity of [sth]) (przenośny) | utrzymywać coś przy życiu zwrot ndk. |
| | The local press is doing its best to keep the issue alive. |
| keep an eye on [sth/sb] v expr | informal (watch carefully) | pilnować czegoś/kogoś ndk. |
| | (potoczny) | mieć coś/kogoś na oku zwrot ndk. |
| | When cooking soufflés, you need to keep an eye on them so they don't fall. |
| keep an eye out for vtr | (remain vigilant for) | mieć otwarte oczy na |
| | It's important to keep an eye out for dangerous snakes in the bush. |
| keep [sth/sb] at bay v expr | figurative (prevent getting closer) | trzymać coś z dala od siebie zwrot ndk. |
| | Vaccination is the most effective way to keep the flu at bay. |
| keep [sb] awake vtr + adj | (prevent from sleeping) | sprawiać, że nie chce się komuś spać zwrot ndk. |
| | Drinking coffee at night keeps me awake. |
| | The monster movie was so scary that it kept the children awake all night. |
| keep awake v expr | (refrain from sleeping) | nie spać part. + ndk. |
| | The party was so boring that I had to struggle to keep awake. |
| | I could hardly keep awake during that boring lecture. |
| keep away vi + adv | (stay at a distance) | trzymać się z daleka zwrot ndk. |
| | Stephanie has measles, so If you don't want to catch it, keep away. |
| keep [sth/sb] away vtr + adv | (prevent from getting closer) | trzymać coś z dala od siebie zwrot ndk. |
| | There are many things you can do to keep mosquitoes away. |
| keep back vi | (stay at distance) | nie zbliżać się part. + zwr. ndk. |
| | A notice outside the monkeys' cage warns visitors to keep back. |
| keep busy vi | informal (occupy oneself, find [sth] to do) | zajmować się zwr. ndk. |
| | | wypełniać sobie czas zwrot ndk. |
| | Since my daughter left for college, I keep busy by working in my garden. |
| | With the district manager in the store, everyone kept busy all day. |
| keep calm vi | (remain composed) | zachowywać spokój ndk. + m |
| | | zachować spokój dk. + m |
| | He will try to make you angry but you must keep calm. Everyone, please keep calm until the police arrive! |
| keep [sb/sth] close vtr + adj | (keep nearby) | być blisko posił. + przys. |
| | Claire decided to work from home so that she could keep her children close. |
| keep close vi + adj | (stay near) | być blisko posił. + przys. |
| | | trzymać się blisko zwr. ndk. + przys. |
| | Tina told the twins to keep close as they crossed the busy road. |
| keep close to [sb/sth] v expr | (stay near) | być blisko kogoś/czegoś posił. + przys. |
| | | trzymać się blisko kogoś/czegoś zwr. ndk. + przys. |
| | Keep close to me when we're at the concert; I don't want you to get lost. |
| keep coming v expr | informal (be relentless) | przychodzić, nadchodzić ndk. |
| | The battle continued and the attacks kept coming. |
| keep [sb] company vtr + n | (prevent being lonely) | dotrzymywać komuś towarzystwa zwrot ndk. |
| | | dotrzymać komuś towarzystwa zwrot dk. |
| | Brian has his dog to keep him company. |
| keep company v expr | dated (lovers: court) | zalecać się do siebie zwrot ndk. |
| | Mary and Bob were keeping company before she met Jim. |
| keep cool vi + adj | (avoid getting hot) | utrzymywać niską temperaturę zwrot ndk. |
| | | utrzymać niską temperaturę zwrot ndk. |
| | William was using a small electric fan to keep cool. |
| keep cool vi + adj | figurative (remain calm) | zachowywać spokój ndk. + m |
| | | zachować spokój dk. + m |
| | Just keep cool, and act like you don't know anything. |
| keep [sb/sth] cool vtr + adj | (prevent getting hot) | trzymać w chłodnym miejscu zwrot ndk. |
| | These plants don't like too much heat, so keep them cool by planting them in a partially shaded spot. |
| keep driving vi | (drive straight ahead) | jechać naprzód ndk. + przys. |
| | When you see a hitchhiker, do you stop to pick him up or just keep driving? |
| keep fit vi | (do physical exercise) | być w dobrej formie zwrot posił. |
| | I like to keep fit by doing belly dance. |
| keep [sth] fresh vtr + adj | (food: stop going stale) | utrzymywać świeżość czegoś ndk. + ż |
| | | utrzymać świeżość czegoś dk. + ż |
| | Packaging needs to keep the food fresh for as long as possible. |
| keep fresh vi + adj | informal (food: not go stale) | zachowywać świeżość ndk. + ż |
| | | zachować świeżość dk. + ż |
| | Bananas will keep fresh in the freezer for up to three months. |
| keep from doing [sth] vi + prep | (refrain) | powstrzymywać się od czegoś zwr. ndk. + przyim. |
| | | powstrzymać się od czegoś zwr. dk. + przyim. |
| | I can't keep from eating ice cream. |
| keep [sb/sth] from doing [sth] vtr + prep | (prevent) | nie pozwalać komuś coś zrobić zwrot ndk. |
| | The constant interruptions were keeping Alvin from doing his work. |
| keep going v expr | (persist, continue) | kontynuować ndk. |
| | Keep going, you're almost to the top of the hill. |
| keep hold of [sth/sb] v expr | informal (maintain one's grasp on) | trzymać się czegoś/kogoś zwr. ndk. |
| | The child kept hold of his mother's hand as they crossed the road. |
| keep house vtr + n | (do housework) | prowadzić dom ndk. + m |
| | While she was sick, her sister kept house for her. |
| keep house vtr + n | figurative (maintain accounts) | prowadzić rachunki ndk. + m, l.mn. |
| | Since Brett kept house for the company, he was the first suspected of wrongdoing when the company was accused of fraud. |
keep in contact,
stay in contact v expr | (stay in touch) | pozostawać w kontakcie zwrot ndk. |
| | | pozostać w kontakcie zwrot dk. |
| | My uncle and I stayed in contact after he moved to Australia. |
keep in contact with [sb],
stay in contact with [sb] v expr | (stay in touch with [sb]) | utrzymywać kontakty ndk. + m, l.mn. |
| | New technologies make it easy to keep in contact with your customers. I'm sorry you have to leave but please keep in contact. |
| keep in mind v expr | (remember, consider) | pamiętać ndk. |
| | Now, keep in mind that in May of 1929 the stock market hadn't crashed yet. |
keep [sb] in mind,
bear [sb] in mind v expr | (consider [sb] for [sth]) | pamiętać o kimś ndk. + przyim. |
| | If you ever need a cleaner, keep me in mind. |
| keep in touch v expr | informal (stay in contact) | być w kontakcie zwrot posił. |
| | | utrzymywać kontakt ndk. + m |
| | | utrzymać kontakt dk. + m |
| | Cousin Andrea kept in touch by sending packages from South America. |
| keep in touch with [sb] v expr | informal (stay in contact with [sb]) | być z kimś w kontakcie zwrot posił. |
| | Promise you'll keep in touch with us while you're away. |
| keep intact vtr | (safeguard) | pilnować ndk. |
| keep it real v expr | slang (avoid affectation) | być poważnym posił. + przym. |
| keep it up vi | informal (maintain [sth] at same pace or level) | trzymać tak dalej |
| | You got straight A's this term - keep it up! |
| keep moving v expr | (not stay still) | poruszać się zwr. ndk. |
| | | przemieszczać się zwr. ndk. |
| | Some species of sharks have to keep moving to survive. |
| keep off vtr | (do not walk on) | trzymać się z daleka |
| | Please keep off the grass. |
| keep off vtr | ([sb]: resist) | opierać się ndk. + zaim. |
| | | oprzeć się dk. + zaim. |
| | He is an alcoholic, and it is a daily struggle for him to keep off the booze. |
| keep on vtr | (persist in doing [sth]) | kontynuować ndk. |
| | Why do you keep on talking after I've asked you to be quiet? |
| keep [sth] on vtr + adv | (continue to wear: clothing) | nie zdejmować zaim. + ndk. |
| | I keep my shirt on when I'm at the beach, so I don't burn. |
| keep out interj | written (sign: do not enter) | zakaz wstępu m + m |
| | "Keep out!" a crudely painted sign on the gate warned. |
| keep pace vi | literal (go fast enough) | dotrzymywać kroku ndk. + m |
| | | dotrzymać kroku dk. + m |
| | John was not able to keep pace with the other runners. |
| keep pace with [sth] v expr | figurative (stay up to date) | być na bieżąco zwrot posił. |
| | I can never keep pace with his favorite television shows. |
| keep quiet vtr | (prevent from making noise) | uciszać ndk. |
| | | uciszyć dk. |
| | Please try to keep those children quiet - this is a house of prayer, not a playground! |
| keep quiet vi + adj | (person: say nothing) | nie odzywać się part. + zwr. ndk. |
| | I really didn't feel like arguing the point with the boss so I just kept quiet. |
| keep quiet vi + adj | informal (not reveal a secret) | utrzymywać sekret ndk. + m |
| | | utrzymać sekret dk. + m |
| | If I tell you my secret, can I trust you to keep quiet? |
| keep quiet vi | (remain quiet) | być cicho posił. + przys. |
| | I really didn't feel like arguing the point with the boss, so I just kept quiet. |
| keep safe vtr | (avoid harm coming to) | chronić ndk. |
| | | ochronić dk. |
| | Keep the cat safe from the dog. |
| keep safe vi | (stay out of danger) | chronić się zwr. ndk. |
| | | nie narażać się part. + zwr. ndk. |
| | Keep safe when swimming. |
| keep score vtr + n | (sport: record results) | pilnować wyniku ndk. + m |
| | | zapisywać punktację ndk. + ż |
| | Please keep score for your team while Jim does the same for his team. |
| keep score vtr + n | figurative (track what is given and owed) (przenośny) | prowadzić bilans ndk. + m |
| | Gillian is always keeping score in her relationship with Mike; she thinks he does fewer chores than her. |
| keep silent vi + adj | (not tell secret) | milczeć ndk. |
| | The witness was being blackmailed to keep silent. |
| keep still vi + adj | (not move) | nie ruszać się part. + zwr. ndk. |
| | The mother told her son to keep still as she tried to cut his hair. |
| keep [sth/sb] still vtr + adj | (hold steady) | przytrzymywać coś/kogoś ndk. |
| | | przytrzymać coś/kogoś dk. |
| | You need one person to keep the cat still and another to trim its claws. |
| keep tabs vtr + npl | figurative, informal (monitor) | pilnować ndk. |
| | It's important to keep tabs so that we don't run out of essential items. |
keep tabs on [sb/sth],
keep a tab on [sb/sth] v expr | figurative, informal (monitor) | pilnować kogoś/coś, obserwować kogoś/coś ndk. |
| | (przenośny) | trzymać rękę na pulsie zwrot ndk. |
| | A business should keep tabs on what its competitors are doing. |
| keep the door open v expr | figurative (allow possibility) | pozostawiać otwarte drzwi zwrot ndk. |
| | | być gotowym do czegoś zwrot posił. |
| | The Prime Minister said he would like to keep the door open for future negotiations. |
| keep the faith v expr | (stay true to beliefs) | nie tracić wiary zwrot ndk. |
| | Cahill urged fans to keep the faith after the team slumped to its eighth loss in 12 matches. |
| keep the lid on v expr | (cover [sth]) | przykrywać ndk. |
| | | przykryć dk. |
| | If you want the rice to cook properly, you have to keep the lid on. |
| keep the lid on [sth] v expr | (cover [sth]) | przykrywać coś ndk. |
| | | przykryć coś dk. |
| | Keep the lid on the saucepan while boiling the vegetables. |
| keep the lid on [sth] v expr | figurative (secret: not tell) | dochowywać czegoś ndk. |
| | | dochować czegoś dk. |
| | James was struggling to keep the lid on the secret. |
| keep the lid on [sth] v expr | figurative (emotions: control) | panować nad czymś zwrot ndk. |
| | | zapanować nad czymś zwrot dk. |
| | (przenośny) | utrzymywać coś w ryzach zwrot ndk. |
| | (przenośny) | utrzymać coś w ryzach zwrot dk. |
| | Kathy didn't say anything, trying to keep the lid on her anger. |
| keep tidy vtr | (maintain cleanliness of) | utrzymywać w czystości |
| | | utrzymać w czystości |
| | It is important to keep the workshop tidy in order to avoid accidents. |
| keep time vtr + n | (sport: record time taken) | pilnować czasu ndk. + m |
| | I asked the guy who was keeping time if I'd beaten any records. |
| keep time vtr + n | (clock: tell the time accurately) | dokładnie chodzić przys. + ndk. |
| | My clock's so old that it doesn't keep time any more. An electronic clock is able to keep time very accurately. |
| keep time vtr + n | (conductor: maintain rhythm) | utrzymywać rytm ndk. + m |
| | | podawać tempo ndk. + n |
| | A band needs someone to keep time. |
| keep time vtr + n | (mark rhythm with music) | odmierzać rytm ndk. + m |
| | | odmierzyć rytm dk. + m |
| | Drummers typically keep time for the band. |
| keep to [sth] vi + prep | (schedule, rules: adhere) | trzymać się czegoś zwr. ndk. |
| | However hard we try, it is difficult to keep to a diet and lose weight. |
| | This plan will work if we keep to it. |
| keep to vtr | (not stray from) | trzymać się ndk. |
| keep together vtr | (store in one place) | trzymać razem ndk. + przys. |
| | I keep my shoes together in a cupboard in my room. |
| keep together vi | (maintain unity) | trzymać razem ndk. + przys. |
| | If we keep together, we will have a better chance of getting a pay rise. |
| keep track vi | (note or record progress) | obserwować, notować ndk. |
| | | zaobserwować, zanotować dk. |
| | Write down what you've achieved each day, as it's important to keep track. |
| keep track of vtr | (monitor, maintain record of) | obserwować, śledzić ndk. |
| | My daughter emails me every day so I can keep track of her movements. |
| keep [sth] under wraps v expr | figurative, informal (not reveal) | trzymać coś w tajemnicy zwrot ndk. |
| | The company is keeping the latest model under wraps until the official launch. |